Wednesday, June 15, 2011

INTRODUCTION TO VIDEO.

What are some advantages of digital video?
  • Footage can be updated without any difficulties.
  • Can be easily incorporated into computer presentations
  • Can be integrated into many databases for useful applications.
What is meant by the frame rate in video?
The frame rate is the number of frames or images that are displayed per second. Frame rates are used in synchronizing audio and pictures. It has been said that the frame rates are standardized by the society of motion picture and television editors (SMPTE), this is only in the case of motion pictures and television.
Are all the videos/movies the same frame rate, explain your answer.
Movies and videos arent particularly the same frame rate, although it is possible for certain videos to be the same. It all depends on the video, for example the frame rate is high when there is a lot of movement in the video, basically the more movement in the video, the higher the frame rate. If a low frame rate would be featured on a video with alot of movement, most likely the quality would be low and it would be slow as well as full of pixels. All movies/videos dont have the same rate, overall it depends on the video and its amount of movement.
What is meant by resolution, how is it measured?
Resolution is basically the number of pixels which are digital images made up of thousands of small squares, in the screen area. The higher the resolution, the smaller the pixels. Nowadays, pixels are so small that the human eye cant distinguish it. Resolution is measured by the count of a single vertical line of pixels (ie. 1080).
What is the colour system called RGB?
RGB stands for Red, Green and Blue. Since you add red, green and blue, it creates white light and this is called RGB colours. A number between 1-255 designates the amount of each RGB colour. For example, 255 BLUE. RGB is the seen as the most common colour mode used in the case of graphics.
Explain the video standards PAL, NTSC and SECAM, what are the main differences between them?
PAL - Phase Alternating Line.
NTSC - National Television System Committee.
SECAM - Sequential Colour And Memory.
Each one is incompatible with the other.
PAL is an analog colour television encoding system used in broadcast television systems. The name describes the way that the phase of part of the colour information on the video signal is reversed with each line.
NTSC is the analog television system that is used mostly in North America, South America, some pacific nations and territories, and many more. NTSC allowed colour broadcasting to be compatible with the existing stock of black and white receivers.
SECAM is an analog colour television system first used in France. SECAM is a standard which permits existing monochrome television receivers predating its introduction to continue to operate as monochrome television
Which standard do we use in Australia?
The standard used in Australia is PAL meaning Phase Alternating Line.
What is an IEEE 1394 port?
IEEE 1394 is a very fast external bus standard. This port is also known as FireWire, originated from the company Apple, allowing the connection of peripherals to a computer. Since IEEE 1394 supports high bandwidth, it allows you to get feed from a high resolution video camera onto a camera without any difficulties. IEEE 1394 works through a term called peer-to-peer networking, which means that devices can connect and communicate to one another without the neccesity of a computer.
Why do digital video cameras use video compression?
Video compression is used with digital video cameras since it helps reduce the bit rate. Digital video is a type of video recording system that works by using a digital rather than an analog video signal. Digital video comprises a series of orthogonal bitmap digital images displayed in rapid succession at a constant rate. In the context of video these images are called frames. We measure the rate at which frames are displayed in FPS (frames per second). Pixels have one property which is their colour. The colour of a pixel is repreented by a fixed number of bits. The more bits the more subtle variations of colour can be reproduced. This is called the colour depth of the video.
Describe what a codec is.A codec is a device or computer program capable of encoding or decoding a digital data stream or signal. The word codex is a portmanteau of compressor-decompressor or, more commonly coder-decoder. The different video and audio formats which have different compression ratios, the codecs basically need to ensure these files are able to playback on the computer.
What is meant by the "generation loss", where does it happen?
Generation loss refers to the loss of quality and potential increase of file size between subsequent copies of data. Anything that reduces that quality on making a copy of the copy, can be considered a form of generation loss. Generation loss mostly occurs in digital systems.

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